The present research was conducted to evaluate the energy-economic and environmental indexes in two methods of rainfed fodder production (vetch pure cultivation and vetch-barley mixed cultivation) on a farmer's farm in Khorramabad county in the 2021-2022 cropping year. Planting vetch in a pure form with a density of 250 seeds/m2 and vetch-barley mixed cultivation with a ratio of vetch:3 and barley:1 was considered. According to the results, the average yield of wet and dry fodder in vetch pure cultivation was 8482 and 2800 kg/ha, respectively, and for vetch-barley mixed cultivation, it was 17950 and 6000 kg/ha. Comparison of the average yield using Student's t-test showed that the difference between wet and dry fodder yield mixed cultivation of vetch-barley with pure vetch cultivation was statistically significant. The total average of input and output energies in pure vetch cultivation and vetch-barley mixed cultivation (8675.25 and 48244 MJ/ha) and (8795.08 and 98880 MJ/ha) respectively, and the values of energy ratio and energy productivity in two methods of fodder production were calculated as (5.56 and 0.322 kg/MJ) and (11.12 and 0.682 kg/MJ), respectively. The global warming potential was obtained in the vetch pure cultivation and the vetch-barley mixed cultivation, respectively, 566.5 and 578.9 (kg eq. CO2)/ha. Also, the average net return and the benefit-cost ratio of rainfed fodder production in vetch pure cultivation and vetch-barley mixed cultivation were estimated as (40793000 Rial/ha and 1.51) and (173473000 Rial/ha and 3.05), respectively. According to the results of the evaluation of energy-economic and environmental indexes in two methods of rainfed fodder production, vetch-barley mixed cultivation is recommended as the superior treatment in the region.