Journal of Researches in Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery

Journal of Researches in Mechanics of Agricultural Machinery

Sustainability assessment of raised bed and conventional planters in irrigated wheat

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
parviz Golparast 1
narges banaeian 2
mahdi khani 1
jebraeil Taghinazhad 3
1 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 department of biosystems engineering, faculty of agricultural sciences, university of guilan
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering research, Agriculture and natural resources research and education center, Ardabil, Iran.
10.22034/JRMAM.2024.14608.686
Abstract
Economic benefit, improving energy efficiency and compatibility with environment are crucial in order to make sustainable wheat production and provide secure food. This study was carried out in the form of randomized complete block design with three treatments (raised bed planter, and conventional planter and planter without furrower) and four replications, in Pars Abad Moghan Agro industrial Company, Ardabil province of Iran. Results showed that raised bed wheat cultivation has significantly increased energy use efficiency up to 95, while reduced greenhouse gas emission up to 220 kg CO2 per hectare. Among the Calculated values of impact sections in all three planting methods, the largest share was related to open fresh water aquatic ecotoxicity, human ecotoxicity, and Marine aquatic ecotoxicity, which is caused by the consumption of fertilizer and poison inputs. In general, conventional tillage and planting methods, in addition to lower yield, due to high inputs and water consumption, increase the emission of environmental pollutants. As a summary, the comparison of sustainability indicators (environmental impacts, energy efficiency, net profit, harvest index and water consumption efficiency) showed that the priority of sustainable planter belongs to the rised bed planter, conventional planter and planter without furrower respectively. In future researches, new concepts of sustainability in raised bed planters including effect of reducing chemicals and fertilizers, using organic fertilizers, placing legumes in the crop rotation and correct management of irrigation water based on experimentally tested studies suggested to study in long-term cultivation periods.
Keywords
Conservation farming
biological yield
Marine aquatic ecotoxicity
Energy efficiency
water consumption
Subjects
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